This course has been put together to address what is considered industry best practice for petrophysical interpretation. It outlines best practice workflows for petrophysical interpretation of reservoir properties, including those required for static and dynamic modeling. Emphasis is placed on methodologies which can be satisfactorily audited by external technical experts and joint venture partners.

Since core analyses provide the foundation on which robust log interpretations are based, and against which interpreted reservoir properties can be verified, the course will also need to address best practices in SCAL (Special Core AnaLysis) interpretation.

Who Should Attend?

This course is designed for Petrophysicists with some experience, although even seasoned Petrophysicists will gain something. Geologists, Geophysicists, Reservoir & Production Engineers and others looking to improve their formation evaluation skills will also benefit. Reservoir properties are used in all reservoir models, so their origins and the means of checking their veracity are vital for all Petroleum Engineering disciplines.

What Skills Will Participants Gain?

By the end of this course, attendees will be able to conduct quality control of the core data, interpret the routine and special core analysis data and use the results in their reservoir property characterisation work. They will also be able to check the validity of the reservoir properties they have made or been given. Uncertainties will be identifiable and quantifiable allowing steps to be planned and taken to reduce uncertainties where necessary or desirable.

Duration

The course is most often supplied as an intensive two day program with a slightly reduced scope to that given below. The full scope is more apropriate to a three to five day program. Numbers are usually limited to less than 20 people making it possible for the Course Trainer to ensure all participants are following the curriculum.

Course Materials

A detailed training manual is provided to facilitate learning and use of the material. The course will alternate between lecturing with Powerpoint Slides and exercises with data from real oil and gas Fields. The exercises are intended to reinforce the ideas and methodologies discussed. MS-Excel will be used for the exercises rather than dedicated Petrophysics software so that the participants understand which algorithms they should use and why. 

Course Content

As with all our courses, this course is fully customisable to suit client requirements.

The following topics will be addressed (more details can be found in the table of contents of the Training Manual):

• General Introduction - Documentation and Audit Trails, Total & Effective porosity, Log Evaluation Workflows, Why use Core Analysis? Core analysis programs (what do you need?)

• Facies/Rock Type Identification - Do we need rock typing?, Theoretical & Practical Methods
• Uncertainty Modelling - Basic Methodology, Uncertainty Analysis
• Porosity Interpretation - Hydrocarbon-Corrected Porosities, Non-Density Based Porosities, Comparison with Core Data & Reasons for Discrepancies
• Permeability Modelling - What Permeability are we estimating? What do we need for modelling? Porosity vs. Permeability, Coates –Timur, NMR, Verification against well test and formation pressure tester data
• Log-Derived Water Saturations - Investigating formation water resistivity/salinity, Which equation to use? Different lithologies and wettabilities? Deriving clay conductivity
• Defining Net Reservoir & Net Pay - What is Net Reservoir & Net Pay? Quantifying the Cutoffs
• Capillary Pressures & Saturation-Height Functions - The Basics, Wetability, effect on Pc and electrical measurements, Measurement of Capillary Pressure, Data Collation, Corrections & Conversions, Quality Control, Common Functions to Fit to Data, averaging methods, Irreducible Water Saturations, Drainage Saturation-Height Modeling, Imbibition Saturation-Height Modelling, Checking for “Good Behavior”, Implementation in Petrophysical, Geological & Reservoir Engineering Models, Reconciliation Between Saturation-Height & Log-Derived Sw
• Residual Hydrocarbons -Why are these useful? Likely Relationships, Deriving Relationships from SCAL, Deriving Relationships from SCAL &/or Log Data
• Relative Permeability - In-Situ Fluid Permeabilities, Determining Likely Mobile Fluid
• Thin Bedded & Low-Resistivity, Low Contrast Systems - What are we measuring? What would do a better job? Practical models – what can you do without specialist measurements?
• Heterogeneous Systems - These are the systems where reservoir properties vary at a scale that is smaller than can be measured in logs and sometimes at scales below core plug size. What are the appropriate reservoir properties in such systems? How to best determine what properties to use? Practical models – what can you do without specialist measurements?
• Gas-Oil Differentiation - What tools/measurements help? Removing “masking” effects of shale
• Formation Pressure Tester Interpretation - Best practice here? What “mistakes” to look for? What does the data tell us about seals & reservoir continuity?

Location

Available as an in-house course organised for Operators and also rarely as an Open Course at various locations around the world. If you are interested in an Open Course spot, contact us and we will let you know when there is sufficient interest for a course in your area.

Costs

Course costs vary depending on location, duration and numbers, but typically range from US$1600-4000 per person.